Please make sure you have read at least part 1 of this series to be familiar with the basics of the RFC Gateway and the terms i use to describe things. Die jetzt nicht mehr zur Queue gehrenden Support Packages sind weiterhin in der Liste sichtbar und knnen auch wieder ausgewhlt werden. Part 6: RFC Gateway Logging All other programs starting with cpict4 are allowed to be started (on every host and by every user). Additional ACLs are discussed at this WIKI page. Such third party system is to be started on demand by the SAP system.Only the (SAP level) user IDs BOB and JOHN can start this program, and they will be logged on to one of the instances from this SAP system.You have an RFC destination named TAX_SYSTEM. There are various tools with different functions provided to administrators for working with security files. As we learned in part 4 SAP introduced the following internal rule in the in the prxyinfo ACL: The RFC destination would look like: It could not have been more complicated -obviously the sequence of lines is important): gw/reg_no_conn_info, all other sec-checks can be disabled =>, {"serverDuration": 153, "requestCorrelationId": "397367366a414325"}. With this blogpost series i try to give a comprehensive explanation of the RFC Gateway Security: Part 1: General questions about the RFC Gateway and RFC Gateway security so for me it should only be a warning/info-message. The default configuration of an ASCS has no Gateway. Only the secinfo from the CI is applicable, as it is the RFC Gateway from the CI that will be used to start the program (check the Gateway Options at the screenshot above). Registered Server Programs at a standalone RFC Gateway may be used to integrate 3rd party technologies. About item #1, I will forward your suggestion to Development Support. This is for example used by AS ABAP when starting external commands using transaction SM49/SM69. For all Gateways, a sec_info-ACL, a prxy_info-ACL and a reg_info-ACL file must be available. If someone can register a "rogue" server in the Message Server, such rogue server will be included in the keyword "internal" and this could open a security hole. Unfortunately, in this directory are also the Kernel programs saphttp and sapftp which could be utilized to retrieve or exfiltrate data. Part 3: secinfo ACL in detail. Someone played in between on reginfo file. In a pure Java system, one Gateway is sufficient for the whole system because the instances do not use RFC to communicate. Visit SAP Support Portal's SAP Notes and KBA Search. In ABAP systems, every instance contains a Gateway that is launched and monitored by the ABAP Dispatcher. In diesem Blog-Beitrag werden zwei von SAP empfohlene Vorgehensweisen zur Erstellung der secinfo und reginfo Dateien aufgefhrt mit denen die Security Ihres SAP Gateways verstrkt wird und wie der Generator dabei hilft. The first letter of the rule can begin with either P (permit) or D (deny). 2. With this rule applied any RFC enabled program on any of the servers covered by the keyword internal is able to register itself at the RFC Gateway independent from which user started the corresponding executable on OS level (again refer to 10KBLAZE). The simulation mode is a feature which could help to initially create the ACLs. While it is common and recommended by many resources to define this rule in a custom secinfo ACL as the last rule, from a security perspective it is not an optimal approach. this parameter controls the value of the default internal rules that the Gateway will use, in case the reginfo/secinfo file is not maintained. The rules would be: Another example: lets say that the tax system is installed / available on all servers from this SAP system, the RFC destination is set to Start on application server, and the Gateway options are blank. This diagram shows all use-cases except `Proxy to other RFC Gateways. How can I quickly migrate SAP custom code to S/4HANA? Part 3: secinfo ACL in detail. All subsequent rules are not even checked. The message server port which accepts registrations is defined by profile parameter rdisp/msserv_internal. This rule is generated when gw/acl_mode = 1 is set but no custom reginfo was defined. Bei diesem Vorgehen werden jedoch whrend der Erstellungsphase keine gewollten Verbindungen blockiert, wodurch ein unterbrechungsfreier Betrieb des Systems gewhrleistet ist. Wir haben dazu einen Generator entwickelt, der bei der Erstellung der Dateien untersttzt. With this rule applied you should properly secure access to the OS (e.g., verify if all existing OS users are indeed necessary, SSH with public key instead of user+pw). The order of the remaining entries is of no importance. Please note: The wildcard * is per se supported at the end of a string only. 1. other servers had communication problem with that DI. Falls Sie danach noch immer keine Anwendungen / Registerkarten sehen, liegt es daran, dass der Gruppe / dem Benutzer das allgemeine Anzeigenrecht auf der obersten Ebene der jeweiligen Registerkarte fehlt. The RFC library provides functions for closing registered programs. ABAP SAP Basis Release as from 7.40 . From my experience the RFC Gateway security is for many SAP Administrators still a not well understood topic. Part 6: RFC Gateway Logging. At time of writing this can not be influenced by any profile parameter. Hinweis: Whlen Sie ber den Button und nicht das Dropdown-Men Gewhren aus! (any helpful wiki is very welcome, many thanks toIsaias Freitas). You have an RFC destination named TAX_SYSTEM. Support Packages fr eine ausgewhlte Komponente werden entsprechend ihrer Reihenfolge in die Queue gestellt. To control the cancellation of registered programs, a cancel list can be defined for each entry (same as for the ACCESS list). Programs within the system are allowed to register. Part 6: RFC Gateway Logging. secinfo und reginfo Generator anfordern Mglichkeit 1: Restriktives Vorgehen Fr den Fall des restriktiven . Part 2: reginfo ACL in detail. Successful and rejected registrations, and calls from registered programs can be ascertained using Gateway Logging with indicator S. Any error lines are put in the trace file dev_rd, and are not read in. Refer to the SAP Notes 2379350 and2575406 for the details. If you set it to zero (highlynotrecommended), the rules in the reginfo/secinfo/proxy info files will still be applied. Spielen Sie nun die in der Queue stehenden Support Packages ein [Seite 20]. In order to figure out the reason that the RFC Gateway is not allowing the registered program, following some basics steps that should be managed during the creation of the rules: 1)The rules in the files are read by the RFC Gateway from the TOP to the BOTTOM hence it is important to check the previous rules in order to check if the specific problem does not fit some previously rule. From my experience the RFC Gateway security is for many SAP Administrators still a not well understood topic. Another example would be IGS. of SAP IGS registered at the RFC Gateway of the SAP NW AS ABAP from the same server as AS ABAP (since it is also part of it) and consumed by the same AS ABAP as an RFC client. Please note: In most cases the registered program name differs from the actual name of the executable program on OS level. 1408081 - Basic settings for reg_info and sec_info 1702229 - Precalculation: Specify Program ID in sec_info and reg_info. File reginfocontrols the registration of external programs in the gateway. Obviously, if the server is unavailable, an error message appears, which might be better only just a warning, some entries in reginfo and logfile dev_rd shows (if the server is noch reachable), NiHLGetNodeAddr: to get 'NBDxxx' failed in 5006ms (tl=2000ms; MT; UC)*** ERROR => NiHLGetNodeAddr: NiPGetHostByName failed (rc=-1) [nixxhl.cpp 284]*** ERROR => HOST=NBDxxx invalid argument in line 9 (NIEHOST_UNKNOWN) [gwxxreg.c 2897]. Legal Disclosure |
Somit knnen keine externe Programme genutzt werden. Giving more details is not possible, unfortunately, due to security reasons. Thus, part of your reginfo might not be active.The gateway is logging an error while performing name resolution.The operating system / DNS took 5 seconds to reply - 5006ms per the error message you posted; and the response was "host unknown".If the "HOST" argument on the reginfo rule from line 9 has only one host, then the whole rule is ignored as the Gateway could not determine the IP address of the server.Kind regards. In the gateway monitor (SMGW) choose Goto Logged On Clients , use the cursor to select the registered program, and choose Goto Logged On Clients Delete Client . Specifically, it helps create secure ACL files. This opensb the Gateway ACL Editor, where you can display the relevant files.. To enable system-internal communication, the files must contain the . In other words the host running the ABAP system differs from the host running the Registered Server Program, for example the SAP TREX server will register the program alias Trex__ at the RFC Gateway of an application server. Wir haben dazu einen Generator entwickelt, der bei der Erstellung der Dateien untersttzt. We can identify these use cases by going to transaction SMGW -> Goto -> Logged on Clients and looking for lines with System Type = Registered Server and Gateway Host = 127.0.0.1 (in some cases this may be any other IP address or hostname of any application server of the same system). In diesem Blog-Beitrag werden zwei von SAP empfohlene Vorgehensweisen zur Erstellung der secinfo und reginfo Dateien aufgefhrt mit denen die Security Ihres SAP Gateways verstrkt wird und wie der Generator dabei hilft. Durch einen Doppelklick auf eine Zeile erhalten Sie detaillierte Informationen ber die Task- Typen auf den einzelnen Rechnern. Remember the AS ABAP or AS Java is just another RFC client to the RFC Gateway. If you have a program registered twice, and you restart only one of the registrations, one of the registrations will continue to run with the old rule (the one that was not restarted after the changes), and another will be running with the current rule (the recently restarted registration). Please note: The proxying RFC Gateway will additionally check its reginfo and secinfo ACL if the request is permitted. Part 4: prxyinfo ACL in detail. Benign programs to be started by the local RFC Gateway of a SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP are typically part of the SAP Kernel and located in the $(DIR_EXE) of the application server. Part 7: Secure communication Here are some examples: At the application server #1, with hostname appsrv1: At the application server #2, with hostname appsrv2: The SAP KBA2145145has a video illustrating how the secinfo rules work. NUMA steht fr Non-Uniform Memory Access und beschreibt eine Computer-Speicher-Architektur fr Multiprozessorsysteme, bei der jeder Prozessor ber einen eigenen, lokalen physischen Speicher verfgt, aber anderen Prozessoren ber einen gemeinsamen Adressraum direkten Zugriff darauf gewhrt (Distributed Shared Memory). About this page This is a preview of a SAP Knowledge Base Article. I think you have a typo. Registering external programs by remote servers and accessing them from the local application server On SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP registering 'Registered Server Programs' by remote servers may be used to integrate 3rd party technologies. Here, activating Gateway logging and evaluating the log file over an appropriate period (e.g. Auch hier ist jedoch ein sehr groer Arbeitsaufwand vorhanden. To overcome this issue the RFC enabled program SAPXPG can be used as a wrapper to call any OS command. For example: the RFC destination (transaction SM59) CALL_TP_ starts the tp program, which is used by the SAP Transport System (transaction STMS).Before jumping to the ACLs themselves, here are a few general tips: A general reginfo rule definition would be (note that the rule was split into multiple lines for explanation purposes, so it is more easily understood): Usually, ACCESS is a list with at least all SAP servers from this SAP system. You can define the file path using profile parameters gw/sec_info and gw/reg_info. After reloading the file, it is necessary to de-register all registrations of the affected program, and re-register it again. Wir untersttzen Sie gerne bei Ihrer Entscheidungen. The local gateway where the program is registered can always cancel the program. Um diese Website nutzen zu knnen, aktivieren Sie bitte JavaScript. Of course the local application server is allowed access. D prevents this program from being registered on the gateway. SMGW-->Goto -->External Functions --> External Security --> Maintenance of ACL files --> pop-up is shown as below: "Gateway content and file content for reginfo do not match starting with index <xx>" (xx is the index value shown in the . HOST = servername, 10. The RFC Gateway allows external RFC Server programs (also known as Registered Server or Registered Server Program) to register to itself and allows RFC clients to consume the functions offered by these programs. Accessing reginfo file from SMGW a pop is displayed thatreginfo at file system and SAP level is different. If the Simulation Mode is active (parameter gw/sim_mode = 1), the last implicit rule will be changed to Allow all. An example could be the integration of a TAX software. Its location is defined by parameter gw/reg_info. In addition to proper network separation, access to all message server ports can be controlled on network level by the ACL file specified by profile parameter ms/acl_file or more specific to the internal port by the ACL file specified by profile parameter ms/acl_file_int. Part 8: OS command execution using sapxpg. RFC had issue in getting registered on DI. where ist the hint or wiki to configure a well runing gw-security ? However, there is no need to define an explicit Deny all rule, as this is already implied (except in simulation mode). Check the secinfo and reginfo files. In other words, the SAP instance would run an operating system level command. In addition, the existing rules on the reginfo/secinfo file will be applied, even on Simulation Mode. Part 3: secinfo ACL in detail Since the SLD programs are being registered at the SolMans CI, only the reginfo file from the SolMans CI is relevant, and it would look like the following: The keyword local means the local server. Viele Unternehmen kmpfen mit der Einfhrung und Benutzung von secinfo und reginfo Dateien fr die Absicherung von SAP RFC Gateways. Darber hinaus stellt die dauerhafte manuelle Freischaltung einzelner Verbindungen einen stndigen Arbeitsaufwand dar. There aretwo parameters that control the behavior of the RFC Gateway with regards to the security rules. About the second comment and the error messages, those are messages related to DNS lookup.I believe that these are raised as errors because they have occurred during the parsing of the reginfo file. If no access list is specified, the program can be used from any client. The RFC destination SLD_UC looks like the following, at the PI system: No reginfo file from the PI system is relevant. With secinfo file this corresponds to the name of the program on the operating system level. We solved it by defining the RFC on MS. Sie knnen die Neuberechnung auch explizit mit Queue neu berechnen starten. If you want to use this syntax, the whole file must be structured accordingly and the first line must contain the entry #VERSION=2 (written precisely in this format). In other words the same host running the ABAP system is also running the SAP IGS, for example the integrated IGS (as part of SAP NW AS ABAP) may be started on the application servers host during the start procedure of the ABAP system. As a result many SAP systems lack for example of proper defined ACLs to prevent malicious use. For this reason, as an alternative you can work with syntax version 2, which complies with the route permission table of the SAProuter. In the previous parts we had a look at the different ACLs and the scenarios in which they are applied. Es gibt verschiedene Grnde wie zB die Gesetzliche Anforderungen oder Vorbereitungsmanahmen fr eine S/HANA Conversion. The related program alias can be found in column TP Name: We can verify if the functionality of these Registered RFC Server programs is accessible from the AS ABAP by looking for a TCP/IP connection in transaction SM59 with Technical Settings Activation Type = Registered Server Program the corresponding Program ID and either no Gateway Options or connection details to any of the RFC Gateways belonging to the same system set: Please note: If the AS ABAP system has more than one application servers and therefore also more than one RFC Gateways there may be scenarios in which the Registered Server Program is registered at one specific RFC Gateway only. Evaluate the Gateway log files and create ACL rules. This ACL is applied on the ABAP layer and is maintained in transaction SNC0. In other words, the SAP instance would run an operating system level command. This is defined in, how many Registered Server Programs with the same name can be registered. Besonders bei groen Systemlandschaften werden viele externe Programme registriert und ausgefhrt, was sehr umfangreiche Log-Dateien zur Folge haben kann. P TP=cpict2 ACCESS=ld8060,localhost CANCEL=ld8060,localhost. All of our custom rules should bee allow-rules. Furthermore the means of some syntax and security checks have been changed or even fixed over time. You can make dynamic changes by changing, adding, or deleting entries in the reginfo file. In the following i will do the question and answer game to develop a basic understanding of the RFC Gateway, the RFC Gateway security and its related terms. Program hugo is allowed to be started on every local host and by every user. Should a cyberattack occur, this will give the perpetrators direct access to your sensitive SAP systems. Besttigen Sie den auftauchenden Hinweis und vergeben Sie fr die gewnschten Gruppen zumindest das folgende Recht: Allgemein --> Allgemein --> Objekte Anzeigen. Access to the ACL files must be restricted. Check the availability and use SM59 to ping all TP IDs.In the case of an SCS/ASCS instance, it cannot be reloaded via SMGW. Haben Support Packages in der Queue Verbindungen zu Support Packages einer anderen Komponente (weitere Vorgngerbeziehung, erforderliches CRT) wird die Queue um weitere Support Packages erweitert, bis alle Vorgngerbeziehungen erfllt sind. It is common to define this rule also in a custom reginfo file as the last rule. The SAP note1689663has the information about this topic. Program cpict2 is allowed to be registered, but can only be run and stopped on the local host or hostld8060. Part 8: OS command execution using sapxpg. This is defined by the letter, which servers are allowed to register which program aliases as a Registered external RFC Server. As soon as a program has registered in the gateway, the attributes of the retrieved entry (specifically ACCESS) are passed on to the registered program. Ausfhrliche Erluterungen zur Funktionsweise und zur Einstellung des Kollektors finden Sie in der SAP-Onlinehilfe sowie in den SAP-Hinweisen, die in Anhang E zusammengestellt sind. Please note: SNC User ACL is not a feature of the RFC Gateway itself. Da das aber gewnscht ist, mssen die Zugriffskontrolllisten schrittweise um jedes bentigte Programm erweitert werden. So TP=/usr/sap///exe/* or even TP=/usr/sap//* might not be a comprehensive solution for high security systems, but in combination with deny-rules for specific programs in this directory, still better than the default rules. Die Datei kann vermutlich nicht zum Lesen geffnet werden, da sie zwischenzeitlich gelscht wurde, oder die Berechtigungen auf Betriebssystemebene unzureichend sind. As we learnt before the reginfo and secinfo are defining rules for very different use-cases, so they are not related. if the server is available again, this as error declared message is obsolete. It is common to define this rule also in a custom reginfo file as the last rule. Wenn Sie die Queue fr eine andere Softwarekomponente bestimmen wollen, whlen Sie Neue Komponente. Program cpict4 is allowed to be registered by any host. Read more. three months) is necessary to ensure the most precise data possible for the connections used. Someone played in between on reginfo file. This is a list of host names that must comply with the rules above. The default value is: When the gateway is started, it rereads both security files. From my experience the RFC Gateway security is for many SAP Administrators still a not well understood topic. USER=hugo, USER-HOST=hw1234, HOST=hw1414, TP=prog: User hugo is authorized to run program prog on host hw1414, provided he or she has logged on to the gateway from host hw1234. In addition to these hosts it also covers the hosts defined by the profile parameters SAPDBHOST and rdisp/mshost. The local gateway where the program is registered always has access. In these cases the program alias is generated with a random string. We can identify these use cases by going to transaction SMGW -> Goto -> Logged on Clients and looking for programs listed with System Type = Registered Server and Gateway Host set to any IP address or hostname not belonging to any application server of the same system. Please note: One should be aware that starting a program using the RFC Gateway is an interactive task. Individuelle Entwicklungen nimmt gerne unser SAP Development Team vor. Alerting is not available for unauthorized users, Right click and copy the link to share this comment. Please note: SNC System ACL is not a feature of the RFC Gateway itself. It is important to mention that the Simulation Mode applies to the registration action only. You have already reloaded the reginfo file. The reginfo file is holding rules controlling which remote servers (based on their hostname/ip-address) are allowed to either register, access or cancel which Registered Server Programs (based on their program alias (also known as TP name)). Die erstellten Log-Dateien knnen im Anschluss begutachtet und daraufhin die Zugriffskontrolllisten erstellt werden. To prevent the list of application servers from tampering we have to take care which servers are allowed to register themselves at the Message Server as an application server. To set up the recommended secure SAP Gateway configuration, proceed as follows:. P USER=* USER-HOST=internal,local HOST=internal,local TP=*. Only the first matching rule is used (similarly to how a network firewall behaves). Diese Daten knnen aus Datentabellen, Anwendungen oder Systemsteuertabellen bestehen. For example: you have changed to the rule related to the SLD_UC program, allowing a new server to communicate with it (you added the new server to the ACCESS option). It is strongly recommended to use syntax of Version 2, indicated by #VERSION=2in the first line of the files. Even if the system is installed with an ASCS instance (ABAP Central Services comprising the message server and the standalone enqueue server), a Gateway can still be configured on the ASCS instance. That part is talking about securing the connection to the Message Server, which will prevent tampering with they keyword "internal", which can be used on the RFC Gateway security ACL files. Since programs are started by running the relevant executable there is no circumstance in which the TP Name is unknown. Here, the Gateway is used for RFC/JCo connections to other systems. Part 5: ACLs and the RFC Gateway security. If the Gateway protections fall short, hacking it becomes childs play. D prevents this program from being started. Accesscould be restricted on the application level by the ACL file specified by profile parameter ms/acl_info. The related program alias can be found in column TP Name: We can verify if the functionality of these Registered RFC Server Programs is accessible from the AS ABAP by looking for a TCP/IP connection in transaction SM59 with Technical Settings Activation Type = Registered Server Program the corresponding Program ID and either no Gateway Options or connection details to any of the RFC Gateways belonging to the same system set: SAP introduced an internal rule in the reginfo ACL to cover these cases: P TP=* HOST=internal,local ACCESS=internal,local CANCEL=internal,local. In this case, the secinfo from all instances is relevant as the system will use the local RFC Gateway of the instance the user is logged on to start the tax program. Note: depending on the systems settings, it will not be the RFC Gateway itself that will start the program. Very good post. They also have a video (the same video on both KBAs) illustrating how the reginfo rules work. As such, it is an attractive target for hacker attacks and should receive corresponding protections. You can define the file path using profile parameters gw/sec_infoand gw/reg_info. The secinfo file is holding rules controlling which programs (based on their executable name or fullpath, if not in $PATH) can be started by which user calling from which host(s) (based on its hostname/ip-address) on which RFC Gateway server(s) (based on their hostname/ip-address). Please follow me to get a notification once i publish the next part of the series. If the TP name has been specified without wild cards, you can specify the number of registrations allowed here. It registers itself with the program alias IGS. at the RFC Gateway of the same application server. How to guard your SAP Gateway against unauthorized calls, Study shows SAP systems especially prone to insider attacks, Visit our Pathlock Germany website https://pathlock.com/de/, Visit our Pathlock Blog: https://pathlock.com/de/blog/, SAST SOLUTIONS: Now member of Pathlock Group. You have configured the SLD at the Java-stack of the SolMan system, using the RFC Gateway of the SolMans ABAP-stack. You can define the file path using profile parameters gw/sec_infoand gw/reg_info. If this client does not match the criteria in the CANCEL list, then it is not able to cancel a registered program. A general secinfo rule definition would be (note that the rule was split into multiple lines for explanation purposes, so it is more easily understood): Only the (SAP level) user IDs BOB and JOHN can start this program, and they will be logged on to one of the instances from this SAP system. What is important here is that the check is made on the basis of hosts and not at user level. See the examples in the note1592493; 2)It is possible to change the rules in the files and reload its configuration without restart the RFC Gateway: open the transaction SMGW -> Goto -> expert functions -> external security -> reload However, in such situation, it is mandatory to de-register the registered program involved and reregister it again because programs already registered will continue following the old rules; 3)The rules in the secinfo and reginfo file do not always use the same syntax, it depends of the VERSION defined in the file. Most common use-case is the SAP-to-SAP communication, in other words communication via RFC connections between SAP NetWeaver AS systems, but also communication from RFC clients using the SAP Java Connector (JCo) or the SAP .NET Connector (NCo) to SAP NetWeaver systems. If the TP name itself contains spaces, you have to use commas instead. Please assist ASAP. Changes to the reginfo rules are not immediately effective, even afterhaving reloaded the file (transaction SMGW, menu Goto -> Expert functions -> External security -> Reread / Read again). The first line of the reginfo/secinfo files must be # VERSION = 2. The secinfo file has rules related to the start of programs by the local SAP instance. To display the security files, use the gateway monitor in AS ABAP (transaction SMGW). If the called program is not an RFC enabled program (compiled with the SAP RFC library) the call will time out, but the program is still left running on the OS level! For example: an SAP SLD system registering the SLD_UC and SLD_NUC programs at an ABAP system.The secinfo file has rules related to the start of programs by the local SAP instance. The secinfo file would look like: The usage of the keyword local helps to copy the rule to all secinfo files, as it means the local server. Here, activating Gateway logging and evaluating the log file over an appropriate period (e.g. P SOURCE=* DEST=*. Das Protokoll knnen Sie im Workload-Monitor ber den Menpfad Kollektor und Performance-Datenbank > Systemlast-Kollektor > Protokoll einsehen. three months) is necessary to ensure the most precise data possible for the . Part 7: Secure communication This is defined in, which servers are allowed to cancel or de-register the Registered Server Program. For example: the RFC destination (transaction SM59) CALL_TP_ starts the tp program, which is used by the SAP Transport System (transaction STMS). In the slides of the talk SAP Gateway to Heaven for example a scenario is outlined in which a SAProuter installed on the same server as the RFC Gateway could be utilized to proxy a connection to local. We made a change in the location of Reginfo and Secinfo file location we moved it to SYS directory and updated the profile parameter accordingly (instance profile).
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