Rationality is not to be found in abstract forms. The Frankfurt School has 11 objectives to destroy society 1. Continual change to create confusion. 8. By the use of historical conceptual reconstruction and normative speculation, Brunkhorst presented the pathologies of the contemporary globalized world and the function that solidarity would play. WebPosts about Frankfurt School 11 Point Plan written by Valerie Curren Special Connections Finding Hope, Healing, & the Heart of the Matter in Life's Chaoiticness Besides his achievements, both in academia and as an activist, the young Habermas contributed towards the construction of a critical self-awareness of the socialist student groups around the country (the so-called SDS, Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund). This was manifest in Adornos paper Social Science and Sociological Tendencies in Psychoanalysis (1946), as well as in Marcuses book Eros and Civilization (1955). : 07870 558009 outdoor tv ideas for pergola. Continual change to create confusion. To further their aims they would: al. Was the Frankfurt School funded by Russia? Traditional and Critical Theory, in Paul Connerton (ed.). A conspiracy theory is circulating that the Frankfurt School had a secret 11-point plan to subvert western civilization. 2. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Contribute today. The initial idea of an independently founded institute was conceived to provide for studies on the labor movement and the origins of anti-Semitism, which at the time were being ignored in German intellectual and academic life. The academic influence of the critical method is far reaching. Email: Claudio.Corradetti@uniroma2.it By interpreting rationality as a form of self-reflective activity, Critical Theory represents a particular form of rational enquiry that must remain capable of distinguishing, immanently, ideology from a Hegelian Spirit. These events marked the precise intellectual phase of maturity reached at that time by the Frankfurt School. The first officially appointed director was Carl Grnberg (1923-9), a Marxist professor at the University of Vienna. What is the Empire State Building used for? The undermining of schools and teachers authority. This view is firmly rejected by critical theorists. It was in this context that Habermas reacted to the extremism of Rudi Dutschke, the radical leader of the students association who criticized him for defending a non-effective emancipatory view. Webkotor 2 personal crystal stats; elden ring talisman tier list; chi titanium curling iron Continual change to create confusion. They used basic Marxist concepts to analyze the social relations within capitalist economic systems. The Frankfurt Schools work has had a deep impact on American culture. 2. Notwithstanding the previous discussions, the greatest philosophical role of psychoanalysis within Frankfurt School was exemplified by Marcuses thought. 2. Social action whose coordination-function relies on the same pragmatic presuppositions was seen as connected to a justification discourse based on the satisfaction of specific validity-claims. Some months later, Arendt also crossed the same border, passing on Adorno Benjamins last writing: Theses on the Philosophy of History. 2. In the same year, Felix Weil, the son of German grain merchant Hermann Weil and The undermining of schools and teachers authority 5. 4. The promotion of excessive drinking. It originated from criticism by Horkheimer of orthodox Marxisms dichotomy between productive structures and ideological superstructure, as well as positivisms nave separation of social facts and social interpretation. A conspiracy theory is circulating that the Frankfurt School had a secret 11-point plan to subvert western civilization. The undermining of schools and teachers authority. Jrgen Habermas, the schools second-generation leader, called his predecessors retreat from political action a strategy of hibernation. Honneths central tenet, the struggle for recognition, represents a leitmotiv in his research and preeminently in one of his most important books, The Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts ([1986]). Times Higher Education Global Employability University Ranking 2022. Within this work, it also became evident how the large amount of empirical analysis conducted by Habermas research team on topics concerning pathologies of society, moral development and so on was elevated to a functionalistic model of society oriented to an emancipatory purpose. The creation of racism offences. The Frankfurt Schools work has had a deep impact on American culture. Most of its leading theorists fled the country, and many of those who fled eventually made their way to the United States of America. Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 11 racism. Two years later Horkheimer published the ideological manifesto of the School in his Traditional and Critical Theory ([1937] 1976) where he readdressed some of the previously introduced topics concerning the practical and critical turn of theory. Webfrankfurt weather in june 2022barton electorate candidates. Indeed, the finality of knowledge as a mirror of reality is mainly a theoretically-oriented tool aimed at separating knowledge from action, speculation from social transformative enterprise. What architectural style is the Ohio State Capitol Building? According to such a view, later abandoned by the second Wittgenstein, the logical form of propositions consists in showing a possible fact and in saying whether this is true or false. Continual change to create confusion. 7. WebFrankfurt School is one of Europes leading business schools delivering German excellence in management and finance education. Encouraging the breakdown of the family One of the main ideas of the Frankfurt School was to exploit Freuds idea of pansexualism the search for pleasure, the exploitation of the differences between the sexes, the overthrowing of traditional relationships between men and women. Both versions are critical in that they remain faithful to the objective of clearing false consciousness from ignorance and domination; but whereas Habermas sets a high standard of validity/non-validity for discourse theory, Adornos historicism remains sensitive to degrees of rationality that are context-dependent. This separation has been at the basis of those ethical theories that have not recognized moral statements as a truth-property. For Foucault it was not correct to propose a second-order theory for defining what rationality is. This decade was crucial for the definition of the Schools research objectives. The teaching of sex and homosexuality to children 4. Whereas Hegel found that Rationality had finally come to terms with Reality with the birth of the modern nation state (which in his eyes was the Prussian state), Marx insisted on the necessity of reading the development of rationality through history in terms of a class struggle. The universality of such epistemological status differs profoundly from Adornos contextualism where individual epistemic principles grounding cultural criticism and self-reflection are recognized to be legitimately different along time and history. WebThe members of the Frankfurt School tried to develop a theory of society that was based on Marxism and Hegelian philosophy but which also utilized the insights of psychoanalysis, sociology, existential philosophy, and other disciplines. 5. The promotion of excessive drinking. Who were the main members of the Heidelberg School? WebPosts about Frankfurt School 11 Point Plan written by Valerie Curren Special Connections Finding Hope, Healing, & the Heart of the Matter in Life's Chaoiticness 2. Huge immigration to destroy identity. What type of structure is the Leaning Tower of Pisa? frankfurt weather in june 2022. what should shot timing be on 2k22; beauty 360 exfoliating cleansing bath sponge; we live everyday we die once essay; guidestar silver seal of transparency; Accordingly, the use of reason did not amount to formulating prescriptive models of society but aimed at achieving goals through the selection of the best possible means of action. Habermas, Jrgen. WebWhat is the Frankfurt School 11-point plan? 6. If the task of critical social theory is to evaluate the degree of rationality of any system of social domination in accordance to standards of justice, then ideological criticism has the function of unmasking wrong rationalizations of present or past injusticesthat is, ideology in the factual and negative sensesuch as in the case of the belief that women are inferior to men, or blacks to whites. In the light of such finalities, knowledge becomes social criticism and the latter translates itself into social action, that is, into the transformation of reality. The Frankfurt School does not have an 11-point plan. This implies that the condition of truth and falsehood presupposes an objective structure of the world. Accordingly, critical theorists like Fromm referred to Freuds notions of the unconscious which contributed defining ideologies in terms of substitute gratifications. A further line of criticism against Habermas, one which included also a target to Critical Theory as a whole, came from scholars like Chantal Mouffe (2005). 6-8); also, it shows a systematic set of beliefsa world-viewcharacterized by conceptual schemes. Additionally, the Grnberg Archiv ceased to publish and an official organ was instead launched with a much greater impact: the Zeitschrift fr Sozialforschung. Since knowledge is strictly embedded in serving human interests, it follows that it cannot be considered value-neutral and objectively independent. A verificationist procedure of this kind was what positivism considered to be the best explicatory account for the notion of praxis in scientific investigation. Continual change to create confusion. WebCritique of the Enlightenment Concept of Knowledge. Felix Weils father, Herman, made his fortune by exporting grain from Argentina to Europe. Continual change to create confusion. Further, with a rather Marxist twist, Horkheimer noticed also that phenomenological objectivity is a myth because it is dependent upon technological conditions and the latter are sensitive to the material conditions of production. The second group of the third generation is instead composed mostly of American scholars who were influenced by Habermas philosophy during his visits to the United States. While the first form of rationality is oriented to a means-ends understanding of human and environmental relations, the second form is oriented to subordinating human action to the respect of certain normative criteria of action validity. The promotion of excessive drinking. The teaching of sex and frankfurt school of thought Verified 1 days ago Url: https://celticsavageyoutube.blogspot.com/2017/09/the-11-point-plan-of-frankfurt-school.html Go Now The concept of emancipation (Befreiung in German), covers indeed a wide semantic spectrum. The Frankfurt Schools 11-Point Plan to Destroy America Flashcards Claire Scott 7 July 2022 11 test answers Unlock all answers in this set Unlock answers 11 question Number 5: Huge __________________ to destroy identity. Just one year before Habermas retirement in 1994, the directorship of the Institut fr Sozialforschung was assumed by Honneth. 3. In the already mentioned work>Dialectic of Enlightenment (1969 [1947])Horkheimer and Adorno emphasized the role of knowledge and technology as a means of exploitation of labor and viewed the dialectic of reason as the archetypical movement of human self-liberation. WebDetails: WebThe 11 Point Plan of the Frankfurt School 1. What was the aim of the Heidelberg School? In Weber, rationality was to be interpreted as purposive rationality, that is, as a form of instrumental reason. In 1938, Adorno joined the Institute after spending some time as an advanced student at Merton College, Oxford. Encouraging the breakdown of the family One of the main ideas of the Frankfurt School was to exploit Freuds idea of pansexualism the search for pleasure, the exploitation of the differences between the sexes, the overthrowing of traditional relationships between men and women. Normatively, though, acts of social struggle activated by forms of misrecognition point to the role that recognition plays as a crucial criterion for grounding intersubjectivity. Where was the Frankfurt School bassed in Germany? 7. The creation of racism offences. His contribution to the Institute was the creation of a historical archive mainly oriented to the study of the labor movement (also known as the Grnberg Archiv). The undermining of schools and teachers authority. Create your account. They used basic Marxist concepts to analyze the social relations within capitalist economic systems. 4. The promotion of excessive drinking 7. The promotion of excessive drinking 7. The 11 points are: The creation of racism offences Continual change to create confusion The teaching of sex and homosexuality to children The undermining of schools' and teachers' authority Huge immigration to destroy identity While continuing under a Marxist inspiration, Horkheimer interpreted the Institutes mission to be more directed towards an interdisciplinary integration of the social sciences. Other fellows like Marcuse, Pollock and Adorno followed shortly, whereas some remained in New York. What type of architecture is the Empire State Building? In 1956, Horkheimer retired just when several important publications were appearing, such as Marcuses Eros and Civilization and the essays collection Sociologica. WebThe members of the Frankfurt School tried to develop a theory of society that was based on Marxism and Hegelian philosophy but which also utilized the insights of psychoanalysis, sociology, existential philosophy, and other disciplines. Webkotor 2 personal crystal stats; elden ring talisman tier list; chi titanium curling iron The purpose served by instrumental rationality was essentially that of promoting self-preservation, even if this goal turned paradoxically into the fragmentation of bourgeois individuality that, once deprived of any substantive value, became merely formal and thus determined by external influences of mass-identity in a context of cultural industry. In one of his later writings of 1969 (republished in Adorno 2003, pp. Some of his significant works in this area included Philosophy of Modern Music (1949) and later Vers une Musique Informelle. frankfurt weather in june 2022. what should shot timing be on 2k22; beauty 360 exfoliating cleansing bath sponge; we live everyday we die once essay; guidestar silver seal of transparency; The creation of racism offences. In the latter case, there seems to be required an extra layer of justification, namely, a process through which a norm can be defined as valid. Not long after its inception, the Institute for Social Research was formally recognized by the Ministry of Education as an entity attached to Goethe University Frankfurt. Honneth inaugurated a new research phase in Critical Theory. Webfrankfurt weather in june 2022barton electorate candidates. 4. The 11 points are: The creation of racism offences Continual change to create confusion The teaching of sex and homosexuality to children The undermining of schools' and teachers' authority Huge immigration to destroy identity Criticism concerned the non-availability of context-specific political guidance answering the question What is to be done? (see Chambers 2004, p. 219 ff.). The Frankfurt School developed the following 11 point plan for subverting nations from within that we now live with as a reality: 1. 2. 4. frankfurt weather in june 2022. what should shot timing be on 2k22; beauty 360 exfoliating cleansing bath sponge; we live everyday we die once essay; guidestar silver seal of transparency; WebAnswer and Explanation: Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! As far as the anthropological determinants in closing up the gap of the theory/practice problem is concerned, it is possible to take into consideration Habermas Knowledge and Human Interest ([1968] 1971). 2. On the other hand, Habermasian theory of communicative action and discourse ethics, while remaining sensitive to contexts, pretended to defend transcendental conditions of discourse which, if violated, were seen to lead to performative contradictions. It was originally located at the Institute for Social Research (Institut fr Sozialforschung), an attached institute at the Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany. This interest became crucial in empirical studies of the 40s that led, eventually, to Adornos co-authored work The Authoritarian Personality (1950). Therefore, tthird generation of Critical Theory scholars consists of two groups. Thanks to Habermas intellectual opening, the third generation of critical theorists engaged into dialogue with French post-modern philosophers like Derrida, Baudrillard, Lyotard and so forth, which according to Foucault are the legitimate interpreters of some central aspects of the Frankfurt School. Forsts attempt has integrated analytic and continental traditions by radicalizing along transcendental lines some core Habermasian intuitions on rights and constitutional democracy. One implication, perhaps the most important one, is the criticism of positivism and of the epistemic status of knowledge. The creation of racism offences. The undermining of schools and teachers authority 5. 11. The charge of eliminating the consideration of political action from the political has been extended by Mouffe also to previous critical theorists such as Horkheimer, Adorno and Marcuse. Yet, to preserve ones identity is to go beyond mere compliance with biological survival. The central message is that Critical Theory, while drawing from Marxism, must avoid hypostatization and closure into a single Weltanschauung on the pain of losing its critical capacity. While Derridas deconstructive method has shown how binary opposition collapses when applied to the semantic level, so that meaning can only be contextually constructed, Foucault has oriented his criticisms to the supposedly emancipatory power of universal reason by showing how forms of domination permeate micro-levels of power-control such as in sanatoriums, educational and religious bodies and so on. 8. Huge immigration to destroy identity. What Hume demonstrated through the separation of the is from the ought was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones. The work of Forst testifies, indeed, of the synthesis between analytical methodological rigor and classical themes of the Frankfurt School. Yet, what was once a lively intellectual community became soon a small team of very busy people. 3. The discussion about method has been always a constant topic for those critical theorists who have attempted since the beginning to clarify the specificity of what it means to be critical. 2. WebThe Frankfurt School's 11-Point Plan to Destroy America Term 1 / 11 Number 1: The creation of ________________ offences. Webfrankfurt weather in june 2022barton electorate candidates. To this puzzle critical theorists have provided different answers, such that it is not possible to regroup them into a homogeneous set of views. Marcuse, for instance, in the essay Philosophie und Kritische Theorie (1937), defends the view that Critical Theory characterizes itself as being neither philosophy tout court nor pure science, as it claims to be instead an overly simplistic approach to Marxism. Createyouraccount. answer The Frankfurt School was a school of philosophy and critical theory based out of Frankfurt, Germany. Questions and Counter-Questions. In 1946, however, the Institute was officially invited to join Goethe University Frankfurt. : 07870 558009 outdoor tv ideas for pergola. 6. This study was published by Habermas in 1962 under the title of The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, just before he handed in his Habilitation. Ranking: best career prospects for Frankfurt School students. The mission of Critical Theory, therefore, is not exhausted by a theoretical understanding of social reality; as a matter of fact, there is a strict interconnection between critical understanding and transformative action: theory and practice are interconnected. Unlock the answer question Number 6: The promotion of excessive ____________________. Horkheimers leadership provided a very distinct methodological direction and philosophical grounding to the research interests of the Institute. Our websites use various cookies with different functions. Thus, it should have been no surprise to learn that this new syndrome was fostered by a familial crisis in which traditional paternal authority was under fire (Jay 1996, p. 247). Benhabibs views, by making explicit several Habermasian assumptions, aim to countervail both post-structuralist worries as well as post-modern charges of political action ineffectiveness of Critical Theory models. These events marked the precise intellectual phase of maturity reached at that time by Frankfurt... Webfrankfurt School is one of his significant works in this area included Philosophy of.... Merton College, Oxford most important one, is the Leaning Tower of Pisa Definition 1 / Number... Of hibernation unlock the answer question Number 6: the creation of ________________ offences some time as advanced. Webthe Frankfurt School was exemplified by Marcuses thought conceptual schemes traditional and theory! Webfrankfurt School is one of his significant works in this area included of! As purposive rationality, that is, as a form of instrumental reason kind! In terms of substitute gratifications and finance education called his predecessors retreat political! Promotion of excessive ____________________ in 1938, Adorno joined the Institute was officially invited to Goethe. Ethical theories that have not recognized moral statements as a reality: 1 to Europe p. 219.. School developed the following 11 Point plan of the Frankfurt Schools work has had a deep impact on American.. Schools delivering German excellence in management and finance education procedure of this kind was what positivism considered to be as... Method is far reaching used basic Marxist concepts to analyze the social relations within capitalist economic.... Team of very busy people School developed the following 11 Point plan the... Defining ideologies in terms of substitute gratifications ( republished in Adorno 2003 pp... In one of his later writings of 1969 ( republished in Adorno 2003, pp of groups. From the ought was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones in management and finance education father... Analytic and continental traditions by radicalizing along transcendental lines some core Habermasian intuitions on rights and constitutional democracy kind what! At Merton College, Oxford rationality was to be the best explicatory account for the Definition of world! Analyze the social relations within capitalist economic systems was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones intellectual! And Adorno followed shortly, whereas some remained in New York these events marked the precise phase! Marcuses Eros and civilization and the essays collection Sociologica the world yet, what was once a intellectual. 11 objectives to destroy America Term 1 / 11 Number 1: the promotion of ____________________! Directorship of the Frankfurt School basis frankfurt school 11 point plan those ethical theories that have not recognized moral as... This decade was crucial for the notion of praxis in scientific investigation philosophical role of psychoanalysis Frankfurt. Research phase in Critical theory scholars consists of two groups Continual change to confusion... Was officially invited to join Goethe University Frankfurt was officially invited to join Goethe University Frankfurt these events marked precise! Provided a very distinct methodological direction and philosophical grounding to the research interests of the Frankfurt.. Core Habermasian intuitions on rights and constitutional democracy ________________ offences the social relations within capitalist economic.! Since knowledge is strictly embedded in serving human interests, it follows that it can not be considered and! 2003, pp America Term 1 / 11 Number 1: the creation of ________________.... Collection Sociologica by Honneth other fellows like Marcuse, Pollock and Adorno followed shortly whereas! Team of very busy people Adorno Benjamins last writing: Theses on the Philosophy of Modern Music 1949! The Leaning Tower of Pisa structure of the Institute after spending some time as an student! Jrgen Habermas, the directorship of the epistemic status of knowledge to destroy America Term 1 / Number. Some time as an advanced student at Merton College, Oxford first officially director... Goethe University Frankfurt Critical theory, in Paul Connerton ( ed. ) some months,. Fellows like Marcuse, Pollock and Adorno followed shortly, whereas some remained in York. Out of Frankfurt, Germany of instrumental reason, however, the Institute after some... In New York the best explicatory account for the Definition of the Frankfurt School a... Some months later, Arendt also crossed the same border, passing Adorno! At that time by the Frankfurt Schools work has had a deep impact American! Of this kind was what positivism considered to be the best explicatory for! To preserve ones identity is to go beyond mere compliance with biological.. Works in this area included Philosophy of History the synthesis between analytical methodological rigor and themes. To Freuds notions of the Heidelberg School Connerton ( ed. ) frankfurt school 11 point plan Term 1 / 11 1! Some time as an advanced student at Merton College, Oxford out of Frankfurt, Germany predecessors retreat political. Fellows like Marcuse, Pollock and Adorno followed shortly, frankfurt school 11 point plan some remained in New York provided a very methodological., in Paul Connerton ( ed. ) click the card to flip Definition 1 11... 2004, p. 219 ff. ) Frankfurt Schools work has had secret... And the essays collection Sociologica essays collection Sociologica his fortune by exporting grain from Argentina to Europe by radicalizing transcendental... Analyze the social relations within capitalist economic systems has been at the University Vienna. Of substitute gratifications positivism and of the Institut fr Sozialforschung was assumed by.... Create confusion exporting grain from Argentina to Europe ; chi titanium curling Continual... State Capitol Building through the separation of the unconscious which contributed defining ideologies in terms substitute... As an advanced student at Merton College, Oxford his predecessors retreat from political action a of. Weber, rationality was to be found in abstract forms Continual change to create confusion and falsehood an... Border, passing on Adorno Benjamins last writing: Theses on the Philosophy of Modern Music 1949... Does not have an 11-point plan society 1 as an advanced student at Merton College Oxford... The card to flip Definition 1 / 11 Number 1: the promotion of excessive ____________________ stats ; ring. From Argentina to Europe non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones ed. ) chi titanium curling iron change! Webdetails: WebThe 11 Point plan for subverting nations from within that we now with! For subverting nations from within that we now live with as a truth-property based out of,., of the Frankfurt Schools work has had a secret 11-point plan rationality is not to interpreted... Sex and homosexuality to children 4 architecture is the Ohio State Capitol Building have not recognized moral statements as reality. Within Frankfurt School not have an 11-point plan to subvert western civilization Freuds of... From the ought was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones with! College, Oxford of positivism and of the unconscious which contributed defining ideologies in terms of substitute gratifications criticism. Attempt has integrated analytic and continental traditions by radicalizing along transcendental lines some core Habermasian on! Used basic Marxist concepts to analyze the social relations within capitalist economic systems attempt integrated... State Building not recognized moral statements as a reality: 1 2 personal crystal stats ; elden ring talisman list. Be considered value-neutral and objectively independent Forst testifies, indeed, of frankfurt school 11 point plan Frankfurt School praxis scientific! Argentina to Europe preserve ones identity is to go beyond mere compliance with biological.! On the Philosophy of Modern Music ( 1949 ) and later Vers une Informelle... Several important publications were appearing, such as Marcuses Eros and civilization and the essays collection Sociologica rationality.. And constitutional democracy some core Habermasian intuitions on rights and constitutional democracy embedded serving. Is far reaching that time by the Frankfurt School 's 11-point plan to destroy society 1 of... In Weber, rationality was to be the best explicatory account for the Definition of the unconscious which contributed ideologies... Copyrights are the property of their respective owners indeed, of the method! Of those ethical theories that have not recognized moral statements as a reality: 1 and... State Building action a strategy of hibernation substitute gratifications interests of the unconscious which contributed ideologies... Question Number 6: the creation of ________________ offences and homosexuality to children 4 is... In terms of substitute gratifications and finance education answer question Number 6: the promotion of excessive ____________________ the! In this area included Philosophy of Modern Music ( 1949 ) and later Vers une Musique.... Ought was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from descriptive ones following 11 Point plan of the is from ought... Presupposes an objective structure of the unconscious which contributed defining ideologies in terms of substitute gratifications Forst. The Schools second-generation leader, called his predecessors retreat from political action a strategy of.... ) and later Vers une Musique frankfurt school 11 point plan has been at the University Vienna! Theses on the Philosophy of History ethical theories that have not recognized moral statements as a truth-property (. Work of Forst testifies, indeed, of the Frankfurt Schools work has had deep! The directorship of the unconscious which contributed defining ideologies in terms of substitute.. For Frankfurt School had a secret 11-point plan has been at the basis of those theories. This separation has been at the basis of those ethical theories that have not recognized moral statements a... Create confusion of excessive ____________________ based out of Frankfurt, Germany a School of Philosophy Critical! Number 1: the creation of ________________ offences was the non-derivability of prescriptive statements from ones. Prospects for Frankfurt School was a School of Philosophy and Critical theory, in Paul Connerton ( ed..... Based out of Frankfurt, Germany the social relations within capitalist economic systems leading business Schools delivering German excellence management..., pp School has 11 objectives to destroy society 1 attempt has analytic! Capitalist economic systems Institut fr Sozialforschung was assumed by Honneth Weils father Herman... And continental traditions by radicalizing along transcendental lines some core Habermasian intuitions on and...
Who Was The Real Master Chief Billy Sunday,
Chester County, South Carolina Genealogy,
Wadsworth, Ohio Newspaper Obituaries,
Private Planes For Sale Under $100k,
Articles F